A person's immune response to variants of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, depends on their previous exposure - and differences in the focus of immune responses will help scientists understand how to optimise vaccines in the future to provide broad protection.
University of CambridgeOct 7 2024 A person's immune response to variants of SARS -CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, depends on their previous exposure - and differences in the focus of immune responses will help scientists understand how to optimise vaccines in the future to provide broad protection.
It also means that the same COVID-19 vaccine might work differently for different people, depending on which variants of SARS-CoV-2 they have previously been exposed to and where their immune response has focused. It was a surprise how much of a difference we saw in the focus of immune responses of different people to SARS-CoV-2. Their immune responses appear to target different specific regions of the virus, depending on which variant their body had encountered first."
The research, published today in the journal Science, involved a large-scale collaboration across ten research institutes including the University of Cambridge and produced a comprehensive snapshot of early global population immunity to COVID-19. "These results give us a deep understanding of how we might optimise the design of COVID-19 booster vaccines in the future," said Professor Derek Smith, Director of the University of Cambridge's Centre for Pathogen Evolution in the Department of Zoology, senior author of the report.
The resulting 'antigenic map' shows the relationship between a wide selection of SARS-CoV-2 variants that have previously circulated. Omicron variants are noticeably different from the others - which helps to explain why many people still succumbed to infection with Omicron despite vaccination or previous infection with a different variant.
Evolution Immune Response Immune System Immunity Omicron Pathogen Research SARS SARS-Cov-2 Vaccine Virus
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