Labour Day, also known as International Workers' Day, is celebrated on May 1, every year in many countries around the world. This day is
dedicated to the working class and their contributions to society. The history and evolution of Labour Day is a story of the struggles and triumphs of the labour movement. The origins…
The origins of Labour Day can be traced back to the late 19th century when workers in industrialised countries were fighting for better working conditions, fair wages and the right to form labour unions. In 1889, the International Socialist Conference in Paris declared May 1 as International Workers’ Day, to commemorate the Haymarket affair, which was held in Chicago in 1886. On May 1 of that year, a peaceful demonstration of workers turned violent when a bomb was thrown at police, killing several officers and demonstrators. Eight anarchists were arrested and convicted, despite little evidence linking them to the crime. Four were executed, and one committed suicide in prison.
In the United States, Labour Day became a federal holiday in 1894, following the Pullman Strike, which saw over 250,000 workers go on strike to protest wage cuts and poor working conditions. President Grover Cleveland signed the law making Labour Day a federal holiday, just six days after the end of the strike, as a way to ease tensions and improve relations between government and labour unions.
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