Understanding stellar ages is critical to understanding the Universe. The Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope will help.
By carefully observing star spots, the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope will determine stellar ages. It needs some help from AI though. Image Credit: NASA and STScI
But over time, the Sun’s rotation rate, and the rotation rate of stars the same mass or lower than the Sun’s, will slow down. The slowdown is caused by interactions between the star’s magnetic fields and the stellar wind, the stream of high-energy protons and electrons emitted by stars. Over time, these interactions reduce a star’s angular momentum, and its rotation slows. The phenomenon is called “magnetic braking,” and it depends on the strength of a star’s magnetic fields.
The problem is that measuring rotation rates is challenging. One method is to observe spots on stars’ surfaces and watch as they come into and out of view. All stars have star spots, though their characteristics vary quite a bit. In fact, stars can have dozens of spots, and the spots change locations. Therein lies the difficulty. It’s extremely difficult to figure out the periodicity when dozens of spots change locations on the star’s surface. comes in.
Zachary Claytor is a postdoc at the University of Florida and the AI project’s science principal investigator. Their AI is called a. This type of AI is well-suited to analyzing images and is used in image classification and medical image analysis, among other things. The Roman’s Galactic Bulge Time Domain Survey is still being designed. So astronomers can use this AI-based effort to help design the survey.
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