New science and software are working to drive down the grid’s carbon emissions and improve overall EV efficiency.
A lot of folks are buying EVs to do their part in helping to reduce our impact on the environment. Generally, that's good news, but how much positive impact driving an EV makes depends a lot on where it's driven. In a state like Vermont, which gets almost all its energy through renewable sources, an EV can truly be an emissions-free vehicle. But in a state like West Virginia, which uses virtually no renewable energy, EV emissions can be significant.
That means the grid itself is increasingly becoming a source. "Distribution networks, which catered to homes and localities, are starting to operate like transmission networks," he said. In the future, hydrogen could serve as another way to store that excess generation. Hydrogen can be created through a process called electrolysis, effectively splitting water molecules into their constituent parts. That hydrogen can then be used for either electricity generation or used directly to power energy-intensive industries like metal or glass production, which often rely on fossil fuels.
GE has developed its own system called GridOS, which is basically a collection of software tools and applications to help grid operators and utilities predict demand, address risk, and even optimize cost."With AI you can forecast what your load was and what it needs to be," Sudhakaran said. The idea of predicting demand is nothing new, but an ever-more disparate suite of sources coming online makes even predicting supply a challenge.
There is one simpler solution, though, which won't require new wires at all: dynamic line rating, or DLR. By using sensors embedded within the grid, it's possible to run more current through a given wire than it might normally be rated for. "You can change the rating of the line based on the environmental conditions," GE's Sudhakaran said. On a chilly, cloudy, windy day, the additional environmental cooling on the wires can boost capacity by as much as 20 percent.
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