The eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo is facing a catastrophic collision of disease and conflict, with the spread of Ebola virus sparking alarm among displaced people living in camps, where they are packed like sardines, and the World Health Organisation's director general warning that the fighting is hampering efforts to tackle the epidemic.
A general view of the Kigonze camp for internally displaced persons in Bunia, in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo, on May 28, 2026.
Dorcas Mapenzi fears the worst if Ebola comes to the Kingonze camp, where she lives alongside more than 25,000 other displaced people in the conflict-hit eastern Democratic Republic of Congo.
“If Ebola comes, we’ll be wiped out as we’re packed like sardines,” the displaced woman said at the sprawl of tarpaulin and tents on the outskirts of Bunia, the capital of the northeastern Ituri province, the epicentre of the latest outbreak. Spread by close contact, the deadly viral disease has spread like wildfire in the vast central African country’s east, where decades of armed conflicts have forced millions of people from their homes and into camps where they live cheek-by-jowl.
Nearly a million of those displaced are in Ituri — among the provinces of the desperately impoverished DRC most prey to the east’s litany of armed groups — where the prospect of the epidemic spreading throughout the refugee camps has sparked alarm. The World Health Organisation’s director general, Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, has warned that the eastern DRC “faces a catastrophic collision of disease and conflict”, with the fighting hampering efforts to tackle the epidemic.
Déborah Nzale, a displaced person living in the Kigonze camp leaves her shelter in Bunia, in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo, on May 28, 2026. Visiting Bunia on Saturday, Tedros called for more international help and financial aid to combat the spread of Ebola. He also said it was essential to assuage fears among affected communities who are deeply distrustful of authorities and halt the spread of false information about the virus.
As of May 31, the WHO said 321 cases had been confirmed in the DR Congo, including 48 deaths. There are nine confirmed cases in Uganda, including one fatality. World Health Organization Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus visits the Ebola treatment center to witness the discharge of recovered patients in Bunia, in the northeastern Democratic Republic of the Congo, on May 31, 2026.
But conditions in the camp are ripe for a disease passed on through close physical contact and bodily fluids.
“I’ve already heard of Ebola and it’s a disease that scares me a lot,” Mapenzi said as she washed her laundry in a basin on the ground. “Our children play next to filthy toilets and even relieve themselves on the ground, in the middle of the tarpaulins that serve as our homes,” the young woman said.
A visitor washes his hands before entering Kyeshero Hospital at a checkpoint for hand washing and temperature screening for all visitors and patients entering Kyeshero Hospital, as part of Ebola prevention measures in Goma on May 18, 2026. Photo by JOSPIN MWISHA / AFPDeborah Nzale, a widow and head of her family, lives with nine people in a small tarpaulin shelter of barely three square metres .
“Given these conditions, how are we going to protect ourselves against this disease, when everyone tells us we need to distance ourselves to fight Ebola? ” she asked. No vaccine or treatment exists for the Bundibugyo strain of Ebola responsible for the latest outbreak. So attempts to contain the virus’s spread have had to rely mainly on protective measures and rapid contact tracing.
A doctor wearing personal protective equipment moves through the isolated red zone to monitor patients, provide medical care, and ensure sanitation of the facility at the Ebola Treatment Center.
“Ebola really kills,” a poster at the entrance warns. “People looking to raise awareness come through here with messages but, surprisingly, we don’t have the kit we need to protect ourselves,” Budjo Amos complained. “I don’t even have soap to wash my hands,” said Amos, who fled the province’s common communal violence. Displaced women looks from their shelters in the Kigonze camp in Bunia, in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo, on May 28, 2026.
There is just a single borehole in Kigonze. Empty jerrycans pile up in front. Water flows from the tap for just a few hours a day. Already long absent from swathes of Ituri, the Congolese state has been criticised for its delayed response to the outbreak, which was declared several weeks after the first cases emerged.
Pedestrians walk past Ebola awareness illustrations displayed on the signboards of the Ebola Treatment Center in Munigi on June 2, 2026. Many hospitals in the region still lack essential equipment, especially isolation tents for patients. According to Ituri’s military governor, the province counts around 61 displaced persons camps housing nearly 970,000 people.
“We need to deploy equipment and qualified, specialist medical staff as quickly as possible,” Lieutenant General Johnny Luboya Nkashama told AFP on Friday, “to spare this province from disaster”.
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