ChatGPT: A diagnostic sidekick for doctors? Caution advised for non-professionals ChatGPT AI MedicalAdvice Diagnostic AIAssistedDiagnosis HealthcareTechnology RareDisease MedicalAI OnlineHealthcare MedicalChatbot medrxivpreprint
By Pooja Toshniwal PahariaApr 27 2023 In a recent study posted to the medRxiv* preprint server, researchers evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of ChatGPT.
*Important notice: medRxiv publishes preliminary scientific reports that are not peer-reviewed and, therefore, should not be regarded as conclusive, guide clinical practice/health-related behavior, or treated as established information. Concerning common complaints, 40 of the initially obtained 45 case vignettes were used. Five cases comprising the diagnosis within the symptomatology were excluded. The team queried ChatGPT for the 10 most probable diagnoses for the clinical case vignette of patients, entered as full text. No symptom extraction was performed.
The precision of indicated diagnoses was expressed as topX accuracy, representing the percentage of cases solved using a maximum of X indicated diagnoses. E.g., a top 1 diagnostic accuracy of 100.0% would denote all clinical case vignettes solved by the initially suggested medical diagnosis. If seven of 10.0 cases were solved by the initially indicated diagnosis and one additional case by the subsequent indicated diagnosis, the percentages for top1 and top2 would be 70.0% and 80.
Concerning rare cases, the 3.50 version was 60.0% accurate, with the correct diagnosis within the 10 diagnoses indicated by the chatbot. In addition, only 23.0% of the correct diagnoses were listed as the initial result. The 4.0 version performed better than the 3.50 version. Nevertheless, ChatGPT 4.0 diagnostic accuracy for rare cases was far from that observed for common cases.
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