The report mentions that organized crime groups take advantage of government weak spots to expand their territory throughout the jungle.
This aerial view shows a deforested area of the Amazon rainforest prepared for plantation in the surroundings of Belem, Para State, Brazil, on November 12, 2025, during the COP30 UN Climate Change Conference.
Photo by MAURO PIMENTEL / AFPOrganized crime in South America is a growing threat to the Amazon rainforest, according to a report published Tuesday, as the encroachment of criminal groups into protected areas fuels violence and sets back environmental preservation in the world’s largest tropical rainforest. The report by the International Crisis Group think tank said the search for new drug trafficking routes and illegal mining areas is compelling organized crime rings to expand their reach in the Amazon basin, leading to devastating effects on the environment.
Aerial view of an illegal fire in the Amazon rainforest on the banks of the BR-230 , near the city of Labrea, Amazonas state, northern Brazil, taken on September 4, 2024. “Organized crime has become one of the main obstacles to efforts to stop environmental damage in the Amazon,” said Bram Ebus, a Crisis Group expert.
“What used to be primarily a conservation challenge has become a political and security crisis,” he added. The report said gangs operate in at least 67 percent of Amazon municipalities in Bolivia, Brazil, Ecuador, Peru and Venezuela, citing data from the Amazon Underworld periodical. The International Crisis Group urged governments to work with Indigenous communities to combat the spread of organized crime.
It also appealed to international suppliers of raw materials to ensure their supply chains are not tainted with products from criminal origins. This aerial view shows a deforested area of the Amazon rainforest prepared for plantation in the municipality of Nova Esperanca do Piria, Para State, Brazil, on November 12, 2025, during the COP30 UN Climate Change Conference. The Amazon rainforest stretches across nine South American nations, with the majority located in Brazil.
It has a central role in the fight to combat climate change. The report mentions that organized crime groups take advantage of government weak spots to expand their territory throughout the jungle, particularly Brazilian crime groups like Comando Vermelho and First Capital Command . The spread occasionally crosses borders with nearby countries like Colombia, Venezuela, and Ecuador, competing or even collaborating with armed groups from the neighboring states.
The think tank added that such crime groups were “exercising a brutal violence” in communities under their control.
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